Tina4 Ruby – Database Class

🔥 Hot Tips

• Set DATABASE_URL in .env and Tina4 auto-connects on startup
• Tina4.database gives you the global database instance
• Most methods return a DatabaseResult which you can transform
• Use transaction { } blocks for safe multi-statement operations

Connection

require "tina4"

# SQLite (file)
db = Tina4::Database.new("sqlite3:data.db")

# SQLite (in-memory – perfect for tests)
db = Tina4::Database.new("sqlite3::memory:")

# PostgreSQL
db = Tina4::Database.new("postgres://user:pass@localhost:5432/mydb")

# MySQL / MariaDB
db = Tina4::Database.new("mysql://root:secret@localhost:3306/mydb")

# Microsoft SQL Server
db = Tina4::Database.new("mssql://sa:Password@localhost:1433/mydb")

# Firebird
db = Tina4::Database.new("firebird://sysdba:masterkey@localhost:3050/path/db.fdb")

Required Gems

Driver	Gem	Install
SQLite	sqlite3	gem install sqlite3
PostgreSQL	pg	gem install pg
MySQL/MariaDB	mysql2	gem install mysql2
SQL Server	tiny_tds	gem install tiny_tds
Firebird	fb	gem install fb

Auto-Connection via .env

DATABASE_URL=sqlite3:data.db

# After Tina4.initialize!, use:
db = Tina4.database

Core Methods

Method	Description	Returns
execute(sql, params)	Run any SQL (CREATE, DROP, INSERT, …)	—
insert(table, data)	Smart insert (returns last_id)	{ success: true, last_id: N }
update(table, data, filter)	Update by filter hash	{ success: true }
delete(table, filter)	Delete by filter hash	{ success: true }
fetch(sql, params, limit:, skip:)	SELECT with pagination	DatabaseResult
fetch_one(sql, params)	Return single row as hash	Hash or nil
table_exists?(name)	Check if table exists	bool
tables	List all tables	Array
columns(table)	Get column info	Array
transaction { }	Block-based transaction	—
close	Close connection	—

Result Object

Every fetch returns a DatabaseResult with these methods:

result = db.fetch("SELECT * FROM users")

result.to_a          # → Array of hashes
result.count         # → Integer
result.first         # → First row hash
result.to_json       # → JSON string
result.to_csv        # → CSV string
result.columns       # → Column names
result.empty?        # → Boolean

Examples

db = Tina4::Database.new("sqlite3::memory:")

# Create table
db.execute("CREATE TABLE users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, age INTEGER)")

# Insert
db.insert("users", { name: "Alice", age: 30 })
db.insert("users", { name: "Bob", age: 25 })

# Update
db.update("users", { age: 31 }, { id: 1 })

# Delete
db.delete("users", { id: 2 })

# Select
result = db.fetch("SELECT * FROM users")
puts result.to_a     # → [{ id: 1, name: "Alice", age: 31 }]
puts result.count    # → 1

# With parameters
result = db.fetch("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > ?", [30])
puts result.first[:name]  # → "Alice"

# Pagination
result = db.fetch("SELECT * FROM users", [], limit: 10, skip: 20)

db.close

Transactions

db.transaction do |tx|
  tx.insert("users", { name: "Risky" })
  tx.insert("users", { name: "Also Risky" })
  # Auto-commits on success, auto-rollbacks on exception
end

One-liner Heaven (Tina4 style)

Tina4::Database.new("sqlite3:data.db").execute("INSERT INTO logs (msg) VALUES (?)", ["Hello Tina4"])

That's it. No models. No config files. No nonsense.